社神 The spirit of the ground. In the 禮記疏 Explanations of the Book of Ceremonies, we read, that 修 Sew, the son of 共工 Kung-kung loved to wander abroad, but wherever he set his foot, he invariably inspected things most accurately; hence the people sacrificed to him, as 社神 the spirit of the ground." 

In the odes of 漢愈 Han-y u, we read, " The blade of wheat contains the ear, and the mulberry-tree produces its fruit, but both of them depend on the soil, and rejoice in the 社神 spirit of the ground. "